Be sure to tell the doctor or nurse when you spent time with the person who has TB disease. It is important to know that a person who is exposed to TB bacteria is not able to spread the bacteria to other people right away. Only persons with active TB disease can spread TB bacteria to others. Before you would be able to spread TB to others, you would have to breathe in TB bacteria and become infected.
Then the active bacteria would have to multiply in your body and cause active TB disease. At this point, you could possibly spread TB bacteria to others. People with TB disease are most likely to spread the bacteria to people they spend time with every day, such as family members, friends, coworkers, or schoolmates. Some people develop TB disease soon within weeks after becoming infected, before their immune system can fight the TB bacteria.
Other people may get sick years later, when their immune system becomes weak for another reason. People who work in situations where there is a high risk for encountering people infected with TB, such as healthcare workers, should be tested for TB on a routine basis. In countries outside the U. Health Home Conditions and Diseases. The following are the stages of TB: Exposure. This happens when a person has been in contact with, or exposed to, another person who has TB.
The exposed person will have a negative skin test, a normal chest X-ray, and no signs or symptoms of the disease. Latent TB infection. This happens when a person has TB bacteria in his or her body, but does not have symptoms of the disease. The infected person's immune system walls off the TB organisms, and the TB remains inactive throughout life in most people who are infected. This person would have a positive skin test, but a normal chest X-ray.
TB disease. This describes the person who has signs and symptoms of an active infection. The person would have a positive skin test and a positive chest X-ray. What causes TB? Who is at risk for TB? However, each person may experience symptoms differently: Cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer Chest pain Fatigue Loss of appetite Unintended weight loss Poor growth in children Fever Coughing blood or sputum Chills or night sweats The symptoms of TB may look like other lung conditions or medical problems.
How is TB diagnosed? TB skin tests are suggested for those: In high-risk categories Who live or work in close contact with people who are at high risk Who have never had a TB skin test For skin testing in children, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends testing: If the child is thought to have been exposed in the last 5 years If the child has an X-ray that looks like TB If the child has any symptoms of TB If the child comes from a country where TB is prevalent For children with HIV For children receiving medicines that suppress the immune system For children who are in detention facilities For children who are exposed to high-risk people If the child's parent has come from a high-risk country If the child has traveled to high-risk areas If the child lives in a densely populated area How is TB treated?
Your healthcare provider will figure out the best treatment for you based on: How old you are Your overall health and past health How sick you are How well you can handle specific medicines, procedures, or therapies How long the condition is expected to last Your opinion or preference Treatment may include: Short-term hospitalization For latent TB which is newly diagnosed: Usually a 6 to 12 month course of antibiotic called isoniazid will be given to kill off the TB organisms in the body.
Some people with latent TB may be treated with a shorter course of 2 antibiotics for only 3 months. For active TB: Your healthcare provider may prescribe 3 or more antibiotics in combination for 6 to 9 months or longer. Examples include: isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. People usually begin to improve within a few weeks of the start of treatment.
It mainly affects the lungs, but it can affect any part of the body, including the tummy abdomen , glands, bones and nervous system.
TB is a potentially serious condition, but it can be cured if it's treated with the right antibiotics. Read more about the symptoms of TB and diagnosing TB. TB is a bacterial infection.
TB that affects the lungs pulmonary TB is the most contagious type, but it usually only spreads after prolonged exposure to someone with the illness. In most healthy people, the body's natural defence against infection and illness the immune system kills the bacteria and there are no symptoms. Sometimes the immune system cannot kill the bacteria, but manages to prevent it spreading in the body. You will not have any symptoms, but the bacteria will remain in your body.
This is known as latent TB. People with latent TB are not infectious to others.
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